Banks capital adequacy ratios were set globally, and, once set, remained fixed.

Similarly, banks would have incentives to game capital adequacy requirements by manipulating how capital and assets are defined.

None of the major banks met even the Basel 1 standards for capital adequacy.

There seems to be little appetite for proposals to vary capital adequacy requirements counter cyclically.

Moreover, the use of mechanistic rules to determine capital adequacy has also inadvertently encouraged systemic imprudence.

This directive is called Data Retention Directive.

Since high risk premiums on government bonds endanger the capital adequacy of banks, half a solution is not enough.

40. The adequacy of external capital flows is a major external factor affecting the development prospects of developing countries.

The recent agreement by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision on a new capital adequacy framework is another positive step.

Unknown directive

Ensuring housing adequacy

For instance, we know that the global capital adequacy requirements produced by the Basel Committee reflect overwhelmingly the influence of large banks.

In 1991, a new directive was incorporated into an Acquisition Directive.

European banks, traditionally a major source of trade finance, have pulled back dramatically, owing to capital adequacy problems caused by sovereign debt capital losses and, in some cases, losses from real estate lending.

Regarding the banking sector, stress tests have been applied since 2004, and a target capital adequacy ratio of 12 has been maintained since 2006.

Indeed, ignorance about what is actually at risk makes debates about the right formula for capital buffers surreal. Moreover, the use of mechanistic rules to determine capital adequacy has also inadvertently encouraged systemic imprudence.

There seems to be little appetite for proposals to vary capital adequacy requirements counter cyclically. This would enable capital buffers to be created in good years, which could then be drawn down in bad years.

Furthermore, emerging international banking capital adequacy regulations (Basel II), make the credit risks rating of potential borrowers a condition for their access to bank loans.

Capital adequacy was a matter of judgment examiners would figure out how large a buffer a bank ought to have, taking into account its specific risks.

Many eurozone banks have made far less progress in strengthening their capital adequacy and liquidity than have American and British banks since the financial crisis erupted.

(iii) Adequacy of sanctions (article 11)

C. Adequacy of existing international instruments

Relevance and adequacy of existing standards

EC Large Combustion Plants Directive

See article 54 of Directive 2004 18 EC and article 56 of Directive 2004 17 EC.

For starters, the Basel III package of global banking reforms and the European Union s corresponding Capital Requirements Directive IV rule create disincentives for cross border financing.

Directive on disposal of construction materials (Council Directive 91 689 EEC (OJ L 377, 31.12.1991, p.20))

Haldane rightly complained that banking regulation has evolved from a small number of very specific guidelines to mind numbingly complicated statistical algorithms for measuring risk and capital adequacy.

Of course, some discussion of financial sector reform is taking place in a variety of forums, with a gradual consensus building around sliding or incremental capital adequacy rules.

10. and 11. Establishment of a specialized oversight and investigative structure to gather financial intelligence, and development of a databank on all suspicious capital flows (directive No.

See article 80(1) of Directive 2004 18 EC and article 71(1) of Directive 2004 17 EC.

They cannot raise much more capital during the crisis, so, in order to restore capital adequacy, they stop making new loans and call in their outstanding loans, thereby throwing the entire economy if not the entire global economy into a tailspin.

The publication of some additional information is encouraged, for example, in the EU public procurement directive (the EU directive ).

L 199, 9 August 1993, p. 1, as amended by Directive 97 52 EC above Directive 93 37 EEC of 14 June 1993 (Works Directive), Official Journal of the European Communities, No.

(a) The relevance and adequacy of existing standards

Directive No. 8, establishing veterinary health standards

not yet known EC boiler standards Directive

The EU has begun applying Aarhus type principles in its legislation, notably the Water Framework Directive (Directive 2000 60 EC).

Even during the crisis, banks capital adequacy ratios were higher than the Basel II requirement of 8 , and their distribution of profits has been under the BRSA s close supervision since 2008.

The accuracy and adequacy of country office annual reports

The EU Public Procurement Directive, article 38 (6).

Article 54(7) of Directive 2004 18 EC.

In accordance with that directive, Radio UNTAC shall

Keeping those loans on the books would have meant that a bank would have had to incur a large capital adequacy provision and monitor the loans performance, at a cost to itself.

To comply with the capital adequacy ratio required by the Bank for International Settlements, most banks in the ESCWA region, especially in the GCC countries, raised their paid in capital, either by resorting to financial reserves or issuing and placing equity shares in the domestic market.