Social care institutions for persons with mental disorders and specialised social care institutions are financed from the state budget.

In both Entities, social care institutions take care of the handicapped and elders.

In 2001 434 children were transferred from medical institutions to care institution, including 330 children to social care institutions for orphans.

Provision of social care services which fully or partially meet the social requirements of users is carried out, except in cases of municipal agencies responsible for social care (in municipalities without centres for social care) by the following social care institutions

12 December 2000 CM Regulation No. 431, Hygienic regulation for social care institutions.

They also provide funds for construction, adaptation, rehabilitation and equipping of social care institutions.

In 2001, there were 27 specialised social care institutions (homes) for people with mental disorders and one social care and rehabilitation institution for people with impaired eyesight.

State financed social care is highly demanded, there are no vacancies and clients have to be placed on a waiting list to enter these social care institutions.

Social care

Social care includes institutional care and alternative care.

Accommodation in social care institutions, or with another family and the right to social and other professional services is an entitlement for persons, families and social groups.

The distance from municipality centers, centers for social work, health care institutions, and employment institutes, presents an additional problem.

Furthermore, deprivation of liberty in social care institutions should be regularly monitored by a judge or an independent body.

Social welfare institutions provide suitable care for children of unknown parentage and children deprived of proper care in the family or community. This care is provided without any discrimination on any grounds.

Social welfare institutions

Article 27 of the Law provides that the activities of national minority cultural autonomy, including educational institutions, ethnic cultural institutions, enterprises and social care institutions, be inter alia financed from State budget allocations.

In addition to municipal child care institutions there were 34 registered private child care institutions (which had education licences) in Estonia.

Health care and social assistance.

In Brčko District, this kind of social care is realized through Government financed social care subdivisions.

Rebuilding social structures and institutions

Care institutions for adults, in their turn, provide social and medical care and or rehabilitation for individuals. These services are also financed from the state budget as well as local budgets.

Medical care for pregnant women and newborns is provided by primary medical and health care institutions, hospitals, and special medical and other health care institutions (article 61 of the law).

Day care and social benefits scheme.

Pre school education can be achieved in pre school institutions, in special institutions for children with extensive difficulties in psychological and physical development, and in institutions for social care that take on children without any parental guardianship.

Funding of social care institutions is carried out in several ways as follows the Ministry's share and self financing, based on service activity.

The reduction in the levels of per capita consumption and of imports have had social costs in particular, for health care, education, nutrition, employment and the maintenance of social institutions.

Social assistance services have three main directions financial assistance, social rehabilitation, and social care.

Subprogramme 4. Social institutions and development

ΙΙΙ. National Centre of Emergency SOCIAL Care

In that regard, family care was provided through social welfare institutions and homes for the disabled, which were mostly State owned, although a considerable number of privately run institutions had now been established.

Children receive social care services at care centres for orphans, specialised social care centres for children and children's homes  shelters depending on their health condition and age.

The Committee recommends that the State party take all necessary measures to prevent acts of violence in homes for re education and social care institutions.

This refugee population places a considerable additional strain on the resources and institutions of the educational and health care systems and the social security system.

quot SUBPROGRAMME 4. SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS AND DEVELOPMENT

(d) Where alternative care is necessary, promoting family and community based care in preference to placement in institutions

(e) Where alternative care is necessary, promoting family and community based care in preference to placement in institutions

(e) Where alternative care is necessary, promoting family and community based care in preference to placement in institutions

educational institutions for orphans and for children deprived of parental care

103. The Committee is concerned about the situation of children in conflict with the law and, in particular, of children serving custodial sentences in social care institutions.

The Social Services Department in the Ministry of Social Affairs refers children to day care centers due to dysfunctional family situations these day care centers also care for working mothers' children.

They require other social institutions to support them.

Markets require other social institutions to support them.

Good institutions promote social, political and economic inclusiveness.

Table 11.2. Types of child care institutions as at 1 January 2002

We revised the mental health component of the primary health care services by adding psycho social care and psycho social counselors to the system.