Obama s approval should be conditional on Canada enforcing serious environmental safeguards.

More capital intensive options could include building water reservoirs to ensure reliable water supplies, with appropriate environmental safeguards in place.

Progress also depends on sector strategies, including strategies for agriculture, infrastructure, forestry, fisheries, energy and transport, which all require environmental safeguards.

Safeguards

A. Safeguards

Safeguards and verification

(t) IAEA safeguards

Fortunately, several new techniques and approaches, such as environmental monitoring, are emerging that may be used to give safeguards the greater detection capacity now asked for.

Actual implementation of safeguards must, however, await the conclusion of formal safeguards agreements.

(p.16) Sweden IAEA Safeguards agreement (INFCIRC 234) since 1974 replaced by Sweden Euratom IAEA Safeguards agreement (INFCIRC 193) (both full scope safeguards)

Annex 2. IAEA safeguards

Safeguards against delayed supplies

Furthermore, environmental protection and the attendant safeguards is an area that has only recently come to the forefront of the Department's operations and that will grow in importance.

Turning to safeguards, Finland supports a thorough overhaul and modernization of the IAEA safeguards system.

We are interested in the development and testing of alternative safeguards measures, such as environmental monitoring and the expanded involvement of national systems of nuclear accounting and control in verification.

(IAEA safeguards export controls supplier measures)

We also have safeguards against coercion.

Australia considers that integrated IAEA safeguards are essential to the effective and cost effective implementation of strengthened safeguards.

Clearly, Turkey s political institutions lack adequate safeguards.

The Nuclear Non Proliferation (Safeguards) Act 1987

IAEA Comprehensive Safeguards Agreements and Additional Protocols

The IAEA safeguards agreement ratified in 1973

The safeguards system is dynamic and evolutionary.

Pakistan supports a cost effective safeguards system.

We are now applying integrated safeguards in multiple countries, including Japan and Canada, the two largest nuclear programmes under safeguards.

In that regard, we recall the creation of the Committee on Safeguards and Verification aimed at strengthening the safeguards system.

Finland is developing its national safeguards system further so as to enable effective implementation of IAEA strengthened safeguards in Finland.

(f) Constitutional safeguards against abuse of majority powers

Lithuania is subject to IAEA and EURATOM safeguards.

in ensuring the full implementation of the safeguards

Application of IAEA safeguards in the Middle East

I turn first to the question of safeguards.

Secondly, on safeguards, we underline the Agency apos s effort to strengthen the effectiveness and improve the efficiency of the safeguards system.

The IAEA has carried out a great number of safeguards missions to South Africa under the NPT safeguards agreement since October 1991.

Environmental

As part of strengthening the safeguards system, we have begun applying the so called integrated safeguards a more effective approach that combines traditional safeguards with more advanced methods of analysis and enhanced access under the Additional Protocol.

His delegation stressed that the Agency was the only competent authority capable of implementing the safeguards system and monitoring compliance with safeguards agreements.

It is of fundamental importance that the Agency streamline its safeguards implementation and put in a more efficient and cost effective safeguards performance.

The study conducted by the Standing Advisory Group on Safeguards Implementation on strengthening the effectiveness and improving the efficiency of the safeguards system provided a useful working basis for the secretariat to review the safeguards system more thoroughly.

Environmental management This consists of environmental modification, environmental manipulation and measures to reduce human vector contact.

The Safeguards Act gives effect to Australia's obligations under

These safeguards measures should facilitate robust peaceful nuclear cooperation.

Safeguards are therefore essential to facilitating peaceful nuclear programs.

There were many safeguards against improper or unlawful detention.

With regard to verification and safeguards, the IAEA no doubt has a primary role to play in completing the conceptual framework for integrated safeguards.