It flourished during the Second French Empire, with the patronage of Napoleon III.

On September 15, 1864, the September Convention was signed by the Italian government and Napoleon III.

So this is Napoleon comes to power. Napoleon...

This act was forced on the Italian government by Napoleon III, who threatened military intervention if Garibaldi were not stopped.

Poor Napoleon.

On 14 January 1858, an Italian refugee from Britain called Orsini attempted to assassinate Napoleon III with a bomb made in England.

In the middle of the nineteenth century, the French Emperor Napoleon III actually created a Latin Monetary Union, which included Belgium, Italy, and Switzerland. Napoleon saw the scheme as a potential basis for a single world currency.

Louis Napoleon Bonaparte.

Napoleon in Italy.

Nile or Napoleon.

Napoleon not happy

This was Napoleon.

Napoleon and Josephine.

Come up, Napoleon.

Long live Napoleon!

So when people talk about Napoleon, they are talking about Napoleon Bonaparte.

Napoleon hanging around France.

Napoleon was not happy.

I'm taller than Napoleon.

And so did Napoleon.

Remember what Napoleon said?

It isn't Napoleon brandy.

In the middle of the nineteenth century, the French Emperor Napoleon III actually created a Latin Monetary Union, which included Belgium, Italy, and Switzerland.

So, Napoleon took it back.

Napoleon himself with gold utensils.

So Napoleon leaves them hanging.

Napoleon, who was hugely popular.

And that's where Napoleon would

Now Napoleon is back here.

No, you cheap imitation Napoleon.

All, that is except Napoleon.

forward comrades, long live Napoleon!

Do you think you're Napoleon?

No, not for me. Napoleon.

Napoleon has his army in Egypt.

So Napoleon gets put in charge.

Once again, Napoleon is hugely successful.

And you'll be protected by Napoleon.

And his name is Napoleon Bonaparte.

Napoleon says, gee, you know what?

They named a brandy after Napoleon.

Look at Napoleon and Louis XIV.

Alfred de Musset, Victor Hugo, Napoleon.

Victor Hugo coined the formula Napoleon le petit to describe Napoleon III. Will Hollande, who seems to take so much inspiration for both his public and private life from his mentor and model, France s first ever Socialist president, one day be described as Mitterrand le petit ?

Napoleon A Life (2014), major scholarly biography, 926 pages favourable to Napoleon Thompson, J. M. Napoleon Bonaparte His Rise and Fall (1954), scholarly, well balanced in topics, but pro Britain Tulard, Jean.