The debt spiral led to the rise of structural adjustment conditionalities.

Thus, a higher proportion of debt in the firm's capital structure leads to higher ROE.

The main reason for the lag is not simply low demand or large debts.

Austerity, it was argued, was needed to stem the rise in the debt ratio and safeguard long term growth.

Now China is experiencing a fourth instance of elevated debt risk, this time characterized by high levels of accumulated local government and corporate debt.

The stock imbalances include large and rising public and private debt as a share of GDP.

But will tax revenues rise fast enough to offset the escalating cost of servicing the government s mountain of debt?

The drama of the European sovereign debt crisis with Greece in its center is coming to a head, as politicians desperately seek options to disentangle the European Union from mounting debt.

Ordinarily, a sharp rise in oil prices quickly translates into higher inflation expectations, followed by rising interest rates at all maturities.

Many African countries have used the past decade to put in place sound and sustainable economic policies that have delivered robust growth and low inflation. Together with debt relief, these policies have resulted in low levels of public debt, relatively sound financial systems, and most important rising living standards.

Higher international interest rates and a repeated lowering of the exchange rate made servicing the external debt more costly in terms of the national currency.

The weak real economy and job market, together with high debt ratios, suggest the need to exit monetary stimulus slowly.

Indeed, increased debt servicing obligations resulting from higher interest rates, along with weakening export prospects, ran the risk of reproducing an unsustainable debt burden.

59. Mr. AKPLOGAN (Benin) said that the rising level of debt and arrears among sub Saharan African countries testified to the lack of progress that had been made in reducing the debt burden on that continent.

Lower demand for Greek debt caused its price to fall, meaning that its yield in terms of market interest rates rose.

Given this, we should expect Greek debt yields to rise further, despite the current IMF program.

Higher deficits, moreover, would cause the ratio of debt to GDP to rise from its already high level, which implies greater debt service costs and, therefore, even larger deficits.

The height of the root is the height of the tree.

The average high debt episodes since 1800 last 23 years and are associated with a growth rate more than one percentage point below the rate typical for periods of lower debt levels.

After its banking crisis of 1987 1989, Japan experienced two decades of stagnation and deflation with skyrocketing government debt.

Investors subsequent efforts to price in the risk of a eurozone breakup not the volume of sovereign debt caused bond yields to spike.

The debt to export ratio was also pushed up by the continued inflow of foreign credits, albeit mainly on concessional terms.

Higher inflation would cause the interest rate on new debt to rise in a way that prevents the erosion of the real value of the total debt.

So if the firm takes on too much debt, the cost of debt rises as creditors demand a higher risk premium, and ROE decreases.

B. External debt and debt relief

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The resolution, moreover, calls for the treatment of multilateral debt to alleviate debt and debt service burdens.

In the face of high systemic risk, private capital is leaving banks and the sovereign debt markets, causing governments borrowing costs to rise and bank capitalization to fall.

B. External debt and debt relief . 27 32 10

In some countries with high levels of debt and impaired growth, fiscal stimulus could raise the risk premium on sovereign debt and be counterproductive others have more flexibility.

Debt

Higher prices can mean higher incomes for them.

The altitude of each cloud represents the height of that player's tower.

The European Commission s claim that this slowdown reflects high sovereign default risk, rather than fiscal consolidation, is belied by the UK, where the sovereign risk is deemed by markets to be virtually nonexistent.

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Have mercy Rise and shine!

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