But when sentinel lymph node came into our treatment protocol, the surgeon basically looks for the single node that is the first draining lymph node of the cancer.

But when sentinel lymph node came into our treatment protocol, the surgeon basically looks for the single node that is the first draining lymph node of the cancer.

And then if that node has cancer, the woman would go on to get the axillary lymph node dissection.

Sentinel lymph node dissection has really changed the way that we manage breast cancer, melanoma.

Lymph vessels that carry lymph to a lymph node are called the afferent lymph vessel, and one that carries it from a lymph node is called the efferent lymph vessel, from where the lymph may travel to another lymph node, may be returned to a vein, or may travel to a larger lymph duct.

BUT there is no lymph node involvement.

So, there you see, it's a liver with colon cancer in it, and you see into the microscope a lymph node where cancer has invaded.

This surgery is called retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND).

So what that means is if the lymph node did not have cancer, the woman would be saved from having unnecessary surgery.

So what that means is if the lymph node did not have cancer, the woman would be saved from having unnecessary surgery.

AND N1 cancer has spread to one lymph node (same side of the neck as tumor), which has swollen to 3 cm or less.

The patient has cancer, you want to know if the lymph nodes have cancer even before you go in.

It usually has few or no symptoms other than those directly associated with the enlargement of the lymph node.

But sentinel lymph node, the way that we do it today, is kind of like having a road map just to know where to go.

On the contrary, when a normal or reactive lymph node is analyzed using the same technique, a smear rather than a distinct band will be seen.

In the Halstedian model of cancer progression, tumors grow locally, then spread to the lymph nodes, then to the rest of the body.

AND N2 cancer has spread to one or more lymph nodes, less than 6 cm, on one or both sides of the neck.

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Stage II (2)T2 the tumor has grown to affect more than one area of the hypopharynx and is between 2 and 4 centimeters with no lymph node involvement and no metastasis.

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