The principle disease here is goitre.

Look at this woman with her goitre

Some 2,000 million people suffer the consequences of deficiency in various micronutrients anaemia because of an inadequacy of iron, blindness because of an inadequacy of vitamin A, and goitre because of an inadequacy of iodine.

About 15 per cent of children suffer goitre or present signs of iodine deficiency, thus exposing a large number of children to mental retardation.57 Seventy per cent of children have vitamin A deficiencies or are borderline cases.57 Stunting (low height for age) reached 9.0 per cent and wasting (low weight for height) 2.5 per cent among Palestinian children due to poor nutrition.58