Definition of electronic signature

So a digital signature, basically, is the analog of the signature in the physical world.

Deleting an attachment might invalidate any digital signature on this message.

Modifying an attachment might invalidate any digital signature on this message.

(b) To adduce evidence of the non reliability of an electronic signature.

If the draft article contained only the identity criterion in paragraph 3 (a), a court in a jurisdiction with digital signature laws might decide that only a digital signature was appropriate for identifying the parties.

(a) The authenticity of electronic signatures relating to tenders can be established comply with relevant electronic signature legislation, e.g. that based on Model Law on Electronic Signatures

So the first example I want to give you is what's called a digital signature.

(a) To take reasonable steps to verify the reliability of an electronic signature or

(b) Where an electronic signature is supported by a certificate, to take reasonable steps

Procedures for searching electronic files on computers, servers, mobile phones, personal digital assistants (PDAs) and other electronic devices must also be established.

Just to give you a hint, the way digital signatures work is basically by making the digital signature via function of the content being signed.

The party relying on a signature, whether handwritten or electronic, takes the risk that the signature is not valid or that it is a forgery.

(c) Any alteration to the electronic signature, made after the time of signing, is detectable and

Draft paragraph 3 (b) was not intended to confer legal validity on an electronic signature but simply to make it the functional equivalent of a handwritten signature.

(i) Acoustically activated fuzes use electronic sensors to react to acoustic pressure and recognize the acoustic signature.

(i) Acoustically activated fuzes use electronic sensors to react to acoustic pressure and recognize the acoustic signature.

Current article 13 of the Model Law on Electronic Commerce gives no particular effect to a signature.

3. An electronic signature created or used outside the enacting State shall have the same legal effect in the enacting State as an electronic signature created or used in the enacting State if it offers a substantially equivalent level of reliability.

Paragraph 3 (a) provides that only an electronic signature that fulfils both the function of identification of the party as well as the function of indicating that party's approval of the information contained in the electronic communication meets that legal requirement of a signature in relation to an electronic communication.

1. Where a certification service provider provides services to support an electronic signature that may be used for legal effect as a signature, that certification service provider shall

(a) To the geographic location where the certificate is issued or the electronic signature created or used or

Electronic'' means relating to technology having electrical, digital, magnetic, wireless, optical, electromagnetic, or similar capabilities (United States Electronic Signatures in Global and National Commerce Act of 2000 Sect.

(f) Relying party means a person that may act on the basis of a certificate or an electronic signature.

The purpose of the draft convention was to indicate how a single set of rules of law should best be interpreted in the field of electronic communications and not to create a legal entity, an electronic signature, with a separate status from a handwritten signature.

The provision in paragraph 3 (b), however, would allow the court to consider the circumstances in which the signature had been affixed, thereby permitting something that fell short of a digital signature.

The change to electronic archiving highlights the emerging need to have staff with sound knowledge of information technology skills and their application in managing electronic records and digital archives effectively.

Signature Signature

The capabilities of many digital electronic devices are strongly linked to Moore's law quality adjusted microprocessor prices, memory capacity, sensors and even the number and size of pixels in digital cameras.

The term digital rights describes the human rights that allow individuals to access, use, create, and publish digital media or to access and use computers, other electronic devices, or communications networks.

It was suggested that, in the interests of uniformity, the draft instrument should adopt a definition of electronic signature based on other UNCITRAL instruments such as the Model Law on Electronic Signatures (2001) and the Model Law on Electronic Commerce (1996).

An electronic portfolio (also known as an eportfolio, e portfolio, digital portfolio, or online portfolio) is a collection of electronic evidence assembled and managed by a user, usually on the Web.

In our view, setting up a test of reliability that is independent of the will of the parties and independent of the fact of signature creates uncertainty about the validity of an electronic signature.

3. An electronic signature is considered to be reliable for the purpose of satisfying the requirement referred to in paragraph 1 if

1. In determining whether, or to what extent, a certificate or an electronic signature is legally effective, no regard shall be had

Other views were expressed that the term electronic signature should not be defined, and that it should be left to national law.

The phrase A method is used to identify the party and to associate that party with the information contained in the electronic communication represents the minimum functional requirements of any signature, handwritten or electronic.

And so, it's simply not possible in a digital world that my signature is the same for all documents that I want to sign.

Digital scrotum, digital media.

On the contrary, it prohibits Member States from discriminating against any signature method on the sole ground that it is in electronic form.

Dolby Digital digital sound decoding.

The objective was to ensure that, if an electronic signature fulfilled the functions described in draft article 9, paragraph 3 (a), a party could not challenge the validity of that signature on the grounds of non reliability.

We are of the view that, compared with article 7 of the Model Law on Electronic Commerce, article 6 of the Model Law on Electronic Signatures can significantly increase legal certainty by having set out well detailed standards for determining the reliability of an electronic signature.

signature illegible quot authorized signature quot

Further, it was thought that, in order to be commercially practicable, a definition of electronic signature should be uncomplicated and inexpensively met in practice.