Chimpanzees have two sets of 24, or 24 pairs of chromosomes.

So diploid just means it has its full complement of chromosomes, so it has 2N chromosomes.

It's obviously got its full chromosomal complement still.

Before every somatic cell division, chromosomes are duplicated so that each daughter cell receives an identical set of chromosomes.

One set of chromosomes came from the nucleus of the ovum and the second set from the nucleus of the sperm.

You know, hair might be coded for by this whole set of genes on multiple chromosomes and this might be coded for a whole set of genes on multiple chromosomes.

Two chromosomes.

It has two chromosomes.

And so most people are saying, look, the cell itself replicates into two diploid cells, so it turns into two cells, each that have a full complement of chromosomes, 2N chromosomes.

Fruit flies have 4 pairs, and bananas have 11 pairs.

The resulting human zygote is similar to the majority of somatic cells because it contains two copies of the genome in a diploid set of chromosomes.

We each have 23 pairs of chromosomes.

Well, for every set, I could pick one of the two homologous chromosomes, and I'm going to do that 23 times.

It now has four chromosomes.

And then you have these two other special chromosomes.

Cows have 30 pairs of chromosomes.

Chickens have 39 pairs.

Then I have 23 chromosomes from my mother.

So you still have a diploid number of chromosomes.

different species have different numbers of chromosomes.

Rhesus monkeys have 21 pairs of chromosomes.

Let's see, so I have 23 chromosomes from my mother.

Human cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes.

It's got 2N chromosomes, and then it grows.

And you have your two chromosomes in this case.

I can just keep going. And eventually you have 22 pairs.

So let me draw some chromosomes.

And we'll come back to chromosomes in a minute.

So S, you have replication of your chromosomes.

Potatoes, potatoes have 48 chromosomes. Do you know that?

When the mom has this, she has two chromosomes, homologous chromosomes.

So I could just do, that's one of the homologous, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14.

So I'll draw my father's chromosomes in blue.

And on these chromosomes are roughly 25,000 genes.

It's actually whole chromosomes determine it.

Chromosome 2 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans.

Each mammalian species is characterized by a particular and constant chromosome number, size and morphology.

Now, each of these chromosomes, and I made them right next to each other.

So 22 of the pairs of chromosomes are just regular non sex determining chromosomes.

All your genetic information is tightly packed into 23 pairs of chromosomes.

All act in the same way during cell division.

It is obviously central to the movement of the chromosomes.

As it goes through S phase, these chromosomes replicate.

And so we started down the road of can we synthesize a chromosome?

You have your two chomosomes, each made with sister chromatids, each made with two sister chromatids.