Population Displacements in Africa

In some cases, populations have been forcibly transferred.

Refugees and Forced Population Displacement in Africa 21

The city is now under the Hamas administration of Gaza.

International law on violently occupied territories recognizes the right to resist.

Rather than anticipating and preparing for change, the United States has waited for change to be forced upon it.

The Government of Belarus had established a comprehensive and effective system for the legal and social protection of forced migrants.

Millions of individuals were forcibly transported to the Americas as slaves, prisoners or indentured servants.

They are allegedly forcibly obliged to sell produce at a price fixed by the authorities that is many times lower than the market price.

Concerned over a possible forcible repatriation of refugees from Kosovo and Metohija, mainly Roma, the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe adopted recommendation 1633 (2003) obliging the countries accommodating non Albanian refugees from Kosovo and Metohija not to deport them forcibly to the Kosovo and Metohija territory.

President Museveni reiterated the call of the Tripartite Plus One Joint Commission that the Forces démocratiques pour la libération du Rwanda (FDLR) should be disarmed by force.

Among those forcibly returned from the Islamic Republic of Iran since the beginning of 2005, were 65 unaccompanied female Afghans.

He had the rather gloomy conclusion that humans will inevitably despoil any common pool resource in which people cannot be restrained from using it.

This has resulted in the violation of their most fundamental human rights and in their being forcibly deprived of their basic right to maintain and practise the values and teachings of Islam.

Of the Meskhetian Turks who were forcibly relocated in 1944 only a tiny fraction returned to Georgia as of 2008.

Despite those solemn undertakings, the group has continued the practice of recruiting thousands of children, in most cases by force, some of them as young as 11 years old.

To anchor the return of those forcibly displaced to their communities of origin, the Office will continue to ensure linkages between broader development efforts and humanitarian assistance.

In addition, there have been instances of forced cancellation of the residence permits of retired military personnel, of their being fired from jobs and of threatened deportation from Estonia.

More than three thousand people were murdered or disappeared during Pinochet s rule, thousands more were tortured by his forces, and tens of thousands were forcibly exiled.

Criminal liability (articles 120, 121 and 123 of the Criminal Code) is specified for rape, forced sex, and other violent acts of a sexual nature.

I have the honour to transmit herewith the Statement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia on the forcible eviction and resettlement of Serbs and Montenegrins in Albania.

2.5 The author contends that under the law of the Dominican Republic, no specific remedies are available in cases of enforced or involuntary disappearances of persons.

During the 18th and 19th centuries hundreds of thousands of forcibly enrolled Hungarian males served 12 years or more each as line infantry in the Austrian Imperial Army.

The Special Rapporteur continued to receive reliable reports of forcible recruitment and training of children for the Government armed forces and non State armed groups.

This Convention stipulates among other things that migrant workers or the members of their families must not be held in slavery or servitude and that forced labour may not be demanded of them.

They started repressions aimed at a forceful assimilation of the Bulgarian population, which appeared to them an attainable goal given the relative closeness of both languages and the sharing of the same religion.

(e) Continued discrimination by the Government of Turkmenistan against ethnic minorities in the fields of education and employment and by forced displacements, despite assurances by the Government that it will stop this discrimination

In addition, a marriage entered into as a result of coercion or fraud may be annulled at the request of the victim or the prosecutor's office (article 28 of the Family Code).

For example, the paragraph in question failed to specify that the deportation or forcible transfer of a population was a crime against humanity when taken without grounds permitted in international law.

During this period several villages were forcibly relocated, burnt or abandoned, allegedly as a result of the military strategy of Government forces and its adverse impact upon the civilian population.

We hope the enlargement will take into account the widest possible geographical and regional representation and that the solution's methods and ideas will not be forcibly imposed or privilege the interests of only a few countries.

During the post war years, the deportation and massive involuntary emigration of Latvians from their native land was paralleled by a heavy influx of residents of the Soviet Union.

The African Union and some Member States are examining, in consultation with the United Nations, the possibility of deploying troops into the Democratic Republic of the Congo to forcibly disarm the ex FAR Interahamwe.

These delegations expressed, however, reservations on the content of the proposed preambular paragraph, including, among others, objections to the references to the Declaration and to the words struggle and forcibly deprived .

He explained that the aim of integration was not total assimilation, but a cultural exchange and a process of enrichment for all, and that since the 1980s Germany had refrained from the enforced repatriation of foreigners.

In the course of negotiations and later in its implementation, it was agreed that the displaced non Albanian population will not be forcibly repatriated to the territory of Kosovo and Metohija before necessary security standards for their safety are fully met.

Many of them reportedly allege that they were forcibly relocated or that their land was confiscated for government construction projects, prawn cultivation or timber projects during 1990 1992.

16. Expresses its concern about instances in which the fundamental principle of asylum is jeopardized by unlawful expulsion or refoulement or by threats to the life, physical security, integrity, dignity and well being of refugees

These violations include active measures by States to prevent such persons from reaching their frontiers, rejection at borders and forcible repatriation of asylum seekers without prior examination of their requests for asylum.

Noting that the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (A CONF.183 9) defines the deportation or forcible transfer of population as a crime against humanity and the unlawful deportation or transfer of the civilian population as well as ordering the displacement of the civilian population as war crimes,

In addition to assisted returns, there were significant numbers of Afghans returning spontaneously, particularly from the Islamic Republic of Iran, as well as some forcible returns of largely undocumented Afghans.

Thousands of people have been forcibly moved to sites in desert areas tens of kilometres outside Khartoum where there are no, or wholly insufficient, life sustaining services.

Both these States were also party to the 1970 Convention, which provides that export and transfer of ownership of cultural property under compulsion arising directly or indirectly from the occupation of the country by a foreign Power shall be regarded as illicit.

(iv) The continuing recruitment and use of child soldiers by armed forces and groups, including the enlistment and kidnapping of children throughout the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, in particular in North and South Kivu and in the eastern province

12. International protection means first of all securing respect for the basic rights of refugees, including admission to safety and non refoulement, as well as ensuring that refugees are accorded favourable treatment in countries of asylum.