These are actually polar dipole bonds with the different sodium or chloride ions.

Sodium Chloride.

Sodium Pentothal.

Product Sodium pyrophosphate

like sodium chloride.

If you have sodium...

or sodium Pentothal.

So the sodium concentration gradient, if there was no membrane here, sodium would want to go across this to kind of make up for all of the lost sodiums over here.

So this is sodium potassium pumps.

The sodium makes the door revolve.

So sodium I'll do sodium as a positive.

I'm going to draw sodium like this.

Sodium's going to be a circle.

Valproic acid (Depakine), divalproex sodium (Depakote), and sodium valproate (Depacon, Epilim) Available in extended release form.

I'm going to add some NaOH.

Sodium chloride's actually quite a large molecule.

So let me just I'll show it with lithium or sodium.

Sodium's going to do the same thing.

Sodium hydroxide in an aqueous solution.

You produce hydroxide and some sodium cations.

To OH minus plus sodium cation.

He decided to buffer them with effervescent sodas.

Dual conjugations

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So if we're actively pumping out sodium over here on the basolateral side, then we're going to have a low sodium concentration here.

I won't go into the exact molecular sizes, but maybe sodium let's do sodium which actually, just as a review, which is larger.

So the general idea Sodium bonds.

Now, you have sodium and potassium ions floating around.

The remaining solution will be approximately what percent sodium chloride?

And let me draw the sodium potassium pump right here.

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186.0 Bilateral source 186.0